Thursday 14 February 2013

what is .Net and .Net Frame work

.NET Framework And Asp.net

The .NET Framework is a popular development platform for building apps for Windows, Windows Store, Windows Phone, Windows Server, and Windows Azure. The .NET Framework platform includes  
    programming languages like c#,vb,etc
    Technologies like Asp.net
    Databases like sql server
Asp.Net is a technology developed by Micro soft for the development of distributed applications.
History:
Microsoft started development of the .NET Framework in the late 1990s, originally under the name of Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS). By late 2000 the first beta versions of .NET 1.0 were released.
Version 3.0 of the .NET Framework is included with Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista. Version 3.5 is included with Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, and can also be installed on Windows XP and Windows Server 2003. On 12 April 2010, .NET Framework 4 was released alongsideVisual Studio 2010.


Overview of .NET Framework release history
GenerationVersion numberRelease dateDevelopment toolDistributed with
1.01.0.3705.013 February 2002Visual Studio .NETN/A
1.11.1.4322.57324 April 2003Visual Studio .NET 2003Windows Server 2003
2.02.0.50727.427 November 2005Visual Studio 2005Windows Server 2003 R2
3.03.0.4506.306 November 2006Expression BlendWindows VistaWindows Server 2008
3.53.5.21022.819 November 2007Visual Studio 2008Windows 7Windows Server 2008 R2
4.04.0.30319.112 April 2010Visual Studio 2010N/A
4.54.5.50709.1792915 August 2012Visual Studio 2012Windows 8Windows Server 2012

Architecture:
Design Features:



Interoperability
Because computer systems commonly require interaction between newer and older applications, the .NET Framework provides means to access functionality implemented in newer and older programs that execute outside the .NET environment. Access to COM components is provided in the System.Runtime.InteropServices and System.EnterpriseServices namespaces of the framework; access to other functionality is achieved using the P/Invoke feature.
Common Language Runtime engine
The Common Language Runtime (CLR) serves as the execution engine of the .NET Framework. All .NET programs execute under the supervision of the CLR, guaranteeing certain properties and behaviors in the areas of memory management, security, and exception handling.
Language independence
The .NET Framework introduces a Common Type System, The CTS specification defines all possible datatypes and programming constructs supported by the CLR and how they may or may not interact with each other conforming to the Common Language Infrastructure  specification. Because of this feature, the .NET Framework supports the exchange of types and object instances between libraries and applications written using any conforming .NET language.
Base Class Library
The Base Class Library  is a part of the Framework Class Library, it's functionality available to all languages using the .NET Framework. The BCL provides classes that encapsulate a number of common functions, including file reading and writing, graphic renderingdatabase interaction, XML document manipulation, and so on.
Simplified deployment
The .NET Framework includes design features and tools which help manage the installation of computer software to ensure it does not interfere with previously installed software, and it conforms to security requirements.
Security
      Additionally, .NET provides a common security model for all applications.
Portability
While Microsoft has never implemented the full framework on any system except Microsoft Windows, it has engineered the framework to be platform-agnostic, and cross-platform implementations are available for other operating systems. Microsoft submitted the specifications for the Common Language Infrastructure. the C# language, and the C++/CLI language to both ECMAand the ISO, making them available as official standards. This makes it possible for third parties to create compatible implementations of the framework and its languages on other platforms



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